Bucharest
Bucharest is Romania's capital and at the same time, the
largest city, industrial and commercial center of the country.
Population of over two million inhabitants is that Bucharest is
the sixth largest in the capital after the European Union.
The first mention of locality appears in 1459. In 1862 became
the capital of Romania. Since then undergoes constant change,
being center stage arts, cultural and media. Between the two
world wars, elegant architecture and elite Bucharest brought the
nickname "Little Paris". The capital has the same administrative
level as a county and is divided into six sectors.
History
The legend says that Bucharest
was founded by a shepherd named Bucur. According to another
variant most likely, Bucharest was founded by Mircea the Old at
the end of the fourteenth century.
On the banks of the massacre and is certified Colentina
Paleolithic and Neolithic culture. By 1800 BC. AD appears some
evidence of communities in areas Dudeşti, Lake Tei and
Bucharest-November today. Archaeological excavations show the
passage of this area through a process of development from the
Bronze Age and until 100 BC. BC, during which Herăstrău areas,
Radu Voda, Lake Tei, Panteleimon, Prince Michael Hill,
Popeşti-Leordeni and Popeşti-Novaci are populated by
Indo-European (ie Geto-Dacians). The first homes after the
Aurelian withdrawal of AD 273 is certified in centuries III -
XIII, until the Middle Ages.
The settlement was documented in 20 September 1459 in a document
issued by Vlad Tepes, ruler of the Romanian Country, which
strengthens an estate of boyars. Dambovita citadel, as it
appears in the first years the city had a strategic role and
will monitor the way but he went to the station to the soacrasa
visors who picioru break while exercising for the circus at
Giurgiu, the last settlement being an Ottoman garrison . In
short, states Bucharest, was elected in October 14th 1465 by
Radu the Handsome as princely residence. In the years 1558 -
1559, the Court is built Old Princely Church, founded by Mr
Mircea Shepherd, it remains to this day the oldest place of
worship in the city kept its original shape.
In 1659, under the reign of George Ghica, Bucharest became the
capital of Romanian country, at which to switch to its
modernization. When the first roads paved with river stones
(1661), is established first higher education institution, the
Royal Academy (1694) and is built Palace Mogosoaiei (Constantin
Brâncoveanu, 1702), building on what is today Brancoveanu feudal
art museum. In 1704, he founded at the initiative back Colţea
Mihai Cantacuzino Hospital, which was subsequently damaged in a
fire and an earthquake and rebuilt in 1888. In a short time in
Bucharest is growing economically, it is notable increase
craftsmen, forming several guilds (of tailors, shoemakers,
cavafilor, furriers, pânzarilor, şalvaragiilor, zăbunarilor
etc.). Once they continue modernizing city. I created the first
manufactures, public fountains, and the population increases
continuously by bringing people from all over Wallachia (catagrafiaul
of 1798 indicates 30,030 inhabitants, while that in 1831
numbered 10,000 houses and 60,587 inhabitants).
Athenaeum RomânÎncet-slowly appear a number of institutions of
interest (National Theater, Garden Cişmigiu Cemetery Serban Voda,
Academic Society in Bucharest, Bucharest Philharmonic Society,
University of Bucharest, Gara de Nord, Grand Hotel du Boulevard,
The Universe newspaper, coffee restaurants, the Botanical
Gardens of Bucharest, Romanian Atheneum, the National Bank,
cinemas) and innovations in technology and culture (with
kerosene lighting, first tramway, electric lighting, the first
telephone line).
Bucharest was up to the establishment of the communist regime in
Romania Ilfov county (interwar). In that time was called "Little
Paris" because of similarity with the French capital, but lost
its charm in communism. More recently, real estate development
has sparked concern about the fate of the city's historical
buildings, especially those in the historical center.
Transport
Surface transport
In 2007 there were 23
operational tramway, bus lines 119 (one of which express the
Otopeni Airport) and 19 trolley lines operated by RATB. With
these vehicles travel approximately 2.3 million passengers
daily. A disadvantage of these modes is particularly morning and
evening congestion.
There is a well-developed transport vans that provide the link
between the city and places around them as an alternative to
public transport.
In early 2008 there were 9500 licensed taxi in Bucharest
Subway
Subway network has a length of 62 km and consists of four main lines called the first of these (bus M1) was inaugurated in 1979. Metro is one way to transport increasingly required as it provides a fast and efficient transportation but also because of growing congestion at the surface high.
Institutions, monuments and tourist attractions
In Bucharest are located Parliament (House of Parliament or
House of People), the Government and the Romanian Presidency.
Also, they are established many cultural institutions, as are
the Romanian Academy (founded in 1866), over 60 research
institutes, University, Polytechnic Institute, Institute of
Medicine, numerous other higher education institutes, large
libraries (Academy , founded in 1867, some 8 million volumes,
National Library, founded in 1955, 7 million volumes, Central
University Library, founded in 1896, 2 million volumes, burned
during the Revolution of 1989), etc.
Major parks in the city are Herastrau Park (187 ha) Cismigiu
Park (13 ha), inaugurated in 1860, Youth Park (200 ha) and Carol
Park (36 ha), inugurat in 1906.
Court house Bucharest
Old Court Church
Herastrau Park
House of the People
Bibloteca Centrala
University of Medicine
